I do not deny that there are some studies saying that trans women may be on average stronger or have some biological differences than cis women, the question is, to what extent is that relevant? Or significant?
If a trans women and a cis women were to compete and the trans women is on average better, but(and here’s the important but), not to the extent that it’s impossible or even improbably that the cis women could’ve beaten the trans women multiple times, why should trans women be excluded if the sport is still competitive between the two?
“But it’s unfair”, yeah fucking guess what it’s sports, different groups of people have different traits than each other, woopie doo, so long as it’s competitive I don’t care
Now to be fair, there are some indication that some physical sports have significant differences, to quote your source
The study reported that after 2 years on GAHT there were no significant differences between ciswomen and transwomen in the number of push-ups or sit-ups performed in 1 min. However, transwomen ran significantly faster during the 1.5 mile fitness test than ciswomen
However, your source also has another study that indicates
In this study, the race times of eight transfemale distance runners were compared at baseline and after one or more years of GAHT. After adjusting performance for age, the eight runners were not more competitive in the female category (after GAHT) than they had been in the male category (before GAHT).
The problem, of course, is that due to the incredibly small demographic we are talking about(trans women athletes in physical sports), any study is likely to have a sample size of like a few dozen people because not a lot of trans people are actually in sports